Class X Mathematics

Chapter 5: Arithmetic Progressions

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Key Formulas & Equations

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n-th term of AP

a_n = a + (n-1)d

Finds the value of the n-th term.

Sum of n terms AP

S_n = \frac{n}{2}[2a + (n-1)d]

Sum of first n terms.

Related Formulas from Adjacent Chapters

The Quadratic Formula

x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

[From Quadratic Equations] Finds the exact roots of ax² + bx + c = 0.

Discriminant

D = b^2 - 4ac

[From Quadratic Equations] Determines nature of roots (D > 0: two real roots; D = 0: one real root; D < 0: two complex roots).

Basic Proportionality Theorem

\frac{AD}{DB} = \frac{AE}{EC}

[From Triangles] If a line is parallel to one side of a triangle intersecting other sides, it divides them proportionally.