Class X Mathematics

Chapter 3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

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Key Formulas & Equations

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System Consistency condition

\frac{a_1}{a_2} \neq \frac{b_1}{b_2}

Condition for a unique solution (intersecting lines).

Infinite Solutions condition

\frac{a_1}{a_2} = \frac{b_1}{b_2} = \frac{c_1}{c_2}

Condition for coincident lines.

Related Formulas from Adjacent Chapters

Quadratic Roots Sum

\alpha + \beta = -\frac{b}{a}

[From Polynomials] Sum of roots of ax² + bx + c.

Quadratic Roots Product

\alpha \beta = \frac{c}{a}

[From Polynomials] Product of roots of ax² + bx + c.

The Quadratic Formula

x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

[From Quadratic Equations] Finds the exact roots of ax² + bx + c = 0.