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Atomic Profile

Calcium (Ca)

Discover properties, shell configurations, industrial applications, compounds, and historical occurrences of the Calcium element.

20Ca40.078

Physical Properties

Melting Point842 °C
Boiling Point1484 °C
Density1.55 g/cm³
Electronegativity1.00
Group / PeriodGroup 2, Period 4
Electronic Config[Ar] 4s²
Bohr Shells2, 8, 8, 2

Bohr Electron Model

Visualizing the concentric Bohr orbits and energy level shells for Calcium.

+20
Shell 1: 2e⁻ | Shell 2: 8e⁻ | Shell 3: 8e⁻ | Shell 4: 2e⁻

Origin & Abundance

Discovery Details

Discovered by Humphry Davy in the year 1808.

Natural Occurrence

Fifth most abundant element in Earth's crust. Forms massive deposits of limestone, chalk, and marble (calcium carbonate).

Common Uses & Applications

  • Building mortar and concrete (Cement)
  • Bone and tooth mineralization structural health
  • Dietary calcium supplements
  • Deoxidizer in steel refinement

Common Chemical Compounds

Below are typical molecular compounds formed by Calcium interacting with other elements:

CaCO₃ (Calcium Carbonate)CaO (Calcium Oxide / Quicklime)Ca(OH)₂ (Calcium Hydroxide)CaSO₄·2H₂O (Gypsum)

Element Concept Check

Which of the following calcium compounds is the main constituent of limestone and chalk?

Video Lectures & Fact Files

Watch educational lectures detailing the chemical extraction and molecular spectrums of Calcium.
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