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Atomic Profile

Lithium (Li)

Discover properties, shell configurations, industrial applications, compounds, and historical occurrences of the Lithium element.

3Li6.94

Physical Properties

Melting Point180.54 °C
Boiling Point1342 °C
Density0.534 g/cm³
Electronegativity0.98
Group / PeriodGroup 1, Period 2
Electronic Config[He] 2s¹
Bohr Shells2, 1

Bohr Electron Model

Visualizing the concentric Bohr orbits and energy level shells for Lithium.

+3
Shell 1: 2e⁻ | Shell 2: 1e⁻

Origin & Abundance

Discovery Details

Discovered by Johan August Arfwedson in the year 1817.

Natural Occurrence

Extracted from pegmatite minerals and underground brine reservoirs (primarily in the Lithium Triangle of South America).

Common Uses & Applications

  • Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries
  • Mood-stabilizing psychiatric medication
  • Heat-resistant ceramics and glass
  • Lubricating greases

Common Chemical Compounds

Below are typical molecular compounds formed by Lithium interacting with other elements:

LiCl (Lithium Chloride)Li₂CO₃ (Lithium Carbonate)LiOH (Lithium Hydroxide)

Element Concept Check

How many valence electrons does Lithium have?

Video Lectures & Fact Files

Watch educational lectures detailing the chemical extraction and molecular spectrums of Lithium.
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